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NRSRO(Nationally Recognized Statistical Ratings Organization)

NRSRO(Nationally Recognized Statistical Ratings Organization)

NRSRO(Nationally Recognized Statistical Ratings Organization)๋ž€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?

NRSRO (Nationally Recognized Statistics Ratings Organization)๋Š” SEC(Securities and Exchange Commission )์— ๋“ฑ๋ก ๋ฐ ์Šน์ธ๋œ ํšŒ์‚ฌ ๋˜๋Š” ๊ธˆ์œต ์ƒํ’ˆ ์˜ ์‹ ์šฉ๋„ ๋ฅผ ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋Š” ์‹ ์šฉ ํ‰๊ฐ€ ๊ธฐ๊ด€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

๋ชจ๋“  ์‹ ์šฉ ํ‰๊ฐ€ ๊ธฐ๊ด€์ด NRSRO๋Š” ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. 2021๋…„ ํ˜„์žฌ SEC์— ๋“ฑ๋ก๋œ NRSRO๋Š” 9๊ฐœ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. SEC ์‹ ์šฉ ํ‰๊ฐ€ ์‚ฌ๋ฌด์†Œ๋Š” NRSRO์™€ ๊ด€๋ จ๋œ ๊ทœ์น™์„ ๊ด€๋ฆฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

NRSRO(Nationally Recognized Statistical Ratings Organizations) ์ดํ•ด

์‹ ์šฉ ํ‰๊ฐ€ ๊ธฐ๊ด€ (CRA)์€ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์ฆ๊ถŒ์„ ๋ฐœํ–‰ํ•˜๋Š” ํšŒ์‚ฌ ๋ฐ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ฐ๊ด€์ ์ธ ๋ถ„์„ ๋ฐ ๋…๋ฆฝ์ ์ธ ํ‰๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ณตํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹ค์Œ์€ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์—์„œ ๋“ฑ๊ธ‰๊ณผ ์—์ด์ „์‹œ๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋ฐœ์ „ํ•˜๊ณ  ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ํˆฌ์ž์ž๋ฅผ ๋•๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์„ฑ์žฅํ–ˆ๋Š”์ง€์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ ์—ญ์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ NRSRO(Nationally Recognized Statistics Ratings Organization)๋กœ ๊ฐ„์ฃผ๋˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” SEC๊ฐ€ ํ•ด๋‹น ๊ธฐ๊ด€์„ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์—์„œ "๊ตญ๊ฐ€์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ธ์ •๋œ" ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ„์ฃผํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋ฉฐ ์‹ ๋ขฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์‹ ์šฉ ๋“ฑ๊ธ‰ ์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ SEC๋Š” ์‹ ์šฉ ํ‰๊ฐ€ ๊ธฐ๊ด€์˜ ๊ทœ๋ชจ, ์šด์˜ ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ ๋ฐ ๊ธฐ๊ด€์˜ ์žฌ์ • ์ž์›๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ์‚ฌํ•ญ์„ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

NRSRO๊ฐ€ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๋Š” ์‹ ์šฉ ๋“ฑ๊ธ‰์€ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์ •๋ถ€๊ฐ€ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๊ทœ์ œ ๋ถ„์•ผ์—์„œ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋ฉฐ ์—ฐ๋ฐฉ ๋ฐ ์ฃผ์ •๋ถ€ ๊ธฐ๊ด€์˜ ๋ฒค์น˜๋งˆํฌ๋กœ๋„ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํˆฌ์ž์ž๋“ค์€ ๋˜ํ•œ NRSRO์˜ ๋“ฑ๊ธ‰์„ ์ฐธ์กฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ˜„์žฌ ์ „๊ตญ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ธ์ •๋ฐ›๋Š” ํ†ต๊ณ„ ํ‰๊ฐ€ ๊ธฐ๊ด€์˜ ์˜ˆ๋กœ๋Š” Moody's Investors Service Inc., S&P Global Ratings, Fitch Ratings Inc. ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฐ Morningstar ์‹ ์šฉ ๋“ฑ๊ธ‰, LLC.

2010๋…„์— ์˜ํšŒ๋Š” NRSRO ๊ทœ์ œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์œ„์›ํšŒ์˜ ๊ฐ๋…์„ ๊ฐ•ํ™”ํ•œ Dodd-Frank ์›”์ŠคํŠธ๋ฆฌํŠธ ๊ฐœํ˜ ๋ฐ ์†Œ๋น„์ž ๋ณดํ˜ธ๋ฒ•์„ ํ†ต๊ณผ์‹œ์ผฐ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

ํ˜„์žฌ NRSRO

๋Œ€ํ˜• ์‹ ์šฉ ๊ธฐ๊ด€์€ ์ข…์ข… ๊ตญ์ œ์  ๊ทœ๋ชจ๋กœ ์šด์˜๋˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๊ทœ์ œ๋Š” ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ์ˆ˜์ค€์—์„œ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ํšŒ๋Š” 2006๋…„ ์‹ ์šฉ ํ‰๊ฐ€ ๊ธฐ๊ด€ ๊ฐœํ˜๋ฒ•(Credit Rating Agency Reform Act)์„ ํ†ต๊ณผ์‹œ์ผœ SEC๊ฐ€ ๋‚ด๋ถ€ ํ”„๋กœ์„ธ์Šค, ๊ธฐ๋ก ๋ณด๊ด€ ๋ฐ CRA์˜ ํŠน์ • ๋น„์ฆˆ๋‹ˆ์Šค ๊ด€ํ–‰์„ ๊ทœ์ œํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ Dodd-Frank๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•˜๋Š” 2010 ๋…„ Dodd-Frank ์›”์ŠคํŠธ๋ฆฌํŠธ ๊ฐœํ˜ ๋ฐ ์†Œ๋น„์ž ๋ณดํ˜ธ๋ฒ• ์€ ์‹ ์šฉ ํ‰๊ฐ€ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•๋ก ์˜ ๊ณต๊ฐœ ์š”๊ตฌ ์‚ฌํ•ญ์„ ํฌํ•จํ•˜์—ฌ SEC์˜ ๊ทœ์ œ ๊ถŒํ•œ์„ ๋”์šฑ ๊ฐ•ํ™”ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

์•„๋ž˜๋Š” ํ˜„์žฌ NRSRO๋กœ ๋“ฑ๋ก๋œ ์‹ ์šฉ ํ‰๊ฐ€ ๊ธฐ๊ด€ ๋ชฉ๋ก์ด๋ฉฐ ์•ŒํŒŒ๋ฒณ ์ˆœ์„œ๋กœ ์ •๋ฆฌ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ NRSRO์™€ ๊ด€๋ จ๋œ SEC ๋ฌธ์„œ๋Š” NRSRO์˜ ์ด๋ฆ„์„ ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์—ฌ ์•ก์„ธ์Šคํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

  • AM Best Rating Services, Inc.

  • (์ฃผ)๋””์•Œ์—์Šค

  • ์ด๊ฑด ์กด์Šค ๋ ˆ์ดํŒ… ์ปดํผ๋‹ˆ

  • Fitch Ratings Inc.

  • HR Ratings de Mรฉxico, SA de CV

  • ์ผ๋ณธ์‹ ์šฉํ‰๊ฐ€์‚ฌ

  • Kroll Bond Rating Agency, Inc.

  • Moody's Investors Service, Inc.

  • S&P ๊ธ€๋กœ๋ฒŒ

##ํ•˜์ด๋ผ์ดํŠธ

  • NRSRO(Nationally Recognized Statistical Ratings Organizations)๋Š” SEC์—์„œ ์ธ์ •ํ•œ ์‹ ์šฉ ํ‰๊ฐ€ ๊ธฐ๊ด€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

  • ์‹ ์šฉํ‰๊ฐ€๊ธฐ๊ด€์€ ํšŒ์‚ฌ ๋˜๋Š” ๊ธˆ์œต์ƒํ’ˆ์˜ ์‹ ์šฉ๋„๋ฅผ ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ธฐ๊ด€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

  • ํ˜„์žฌ SEC๊ฐ€ ์Šน์ธํ•œ NRSRO๋Š” 9๊ฐœ์ด์ง€๋งŒ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‹ ์šฉ ๊ธฐ๊ด€์€ NRSRO ์—†์ด ์šด์˜๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.