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λ¨ΈνΌ λͺ¨λΈμ΄λ?
νμ¬ λΆμ±μ μ μ© μν μ νκ°νλ λ° μ¬μ©λλ λΆμ λͺ¨λΈ μ λλ€. λΆμκ°μ ν¬μμλ Merton λͺ¨λΈμ νμ©νμ¬ νμ¬κ° μ¬μ μ μ무λ₯Ό μΆ©μ‘±νκ³ , λΆμ±λ₯Ό μννκ³ , μ μ© λΆμ΄νμ λΉ μ§ κ°λ₯μ±μ κ°λ νλ λ° μΌλ§λ λ₯λ ₯μ΄ μλμ§ μ΄ν΄ν©λλ€.
μ½μ΅μ μΌλ‘ νμ¬μ μκΈ°μλ³Έμ λͺ¨λΈλ§νμ¬ νμ¬μ ꡬ쑰μ μ μ© μνμ νκ°νλ μ΄ λͺ¨λΈμ μ μνμ΅λλ€ . μ΄ λͺ¨λΈμ λμ€μ Fischer Blackκ³Ό Myron Scholesμ μν΄ νμ₯λμ΄ λ Έλ²¨μμ λ°μ μ΅μ μ λν Black-Scholes κ°κ²© μ± μ λͺ¨λΈμ κ°λ°νμ΅λλ€.
λ¨ΈνΌ λͺ¨λΈμ 곡μμ
μ¬κΈ°μ:<span class=" pstrut" μ€νμΌ="λμ΄:4.1900200000000005em;">d<span class="vlist" μ€νμΌ="λμ΄ :0. 30110799999999993em;">1 β=< span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2777777777777778em;"><span class="mord Mathnormal" μ€νμΌ ="margin-right:0.03588em;">Ο<span class="mord mathnormal mtight" μ€νμΌ ="margin-right:0.03588em;">v<β<span ν΄λμ€ ="vlist-r"></ μ€ν¬ ><span class="vlist" μ€νμΌ="λμ΄:0.9266650000000001em;" > Ξ T < μ€ν¬ ν΄λμ€ = hide-tail" style="min-width:0.853em;height:1.08em;">
c-2.7,0,-7.17,-2.7,-13.5,-8c-5.8,-5.3,-9.5,-10,-9.5,-14
c0,-2,0.3,-3.3,1,-4c1.3,-2.7,23.83,-20.7,67.5,-54
c44.2,-33.3,65.8,-50.3,66.5,-51c1.3,-1.3,3,-2.5,-2c4.7,0,8.7,3.3,12,10
s173,378,173,378c0.7,0,35.3,-71,104,-213c68.7,-142,137.5,-285,206.5,-429
c69,-144,104.5,-217.7,106.5,-221
l0-0
c5.3,-9.3,12,-14,20,-14
H400000v40H845.2724
s-225.272.467,-225.272.467s-235.486,-235.486c-2.7,4.7,-9.7,-19.7
c-6.0,-10,-1,-12,-3s-194,-422,-194,-422s-65.47,-65.47z
M834 80h400000v40h-400000z'/>β<span class="vlist" μ€νμΌ="λμ΄:0.11333499999999996em;"> < span class="mord">ln<span class="vlist" μ€νμΌ="λμ΄:0.8884309999999999em;"><span class="pstrut" μ€νμΌ="λμ΄:3em;">< /span><span class="mord mathnormal mtight" μ€νμΌ le="margin-right:0.07153em;">K<span class="pstrut" μ€νμΌ ="λμ΄:3em;">V< μ€ν¬ class="vlist" style="height:0.143em;"></ μ€ν¬> < span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;">+(r < span class="mbin">+<span class="vlist" μ€νμΌ="λμ΄: 1.1341199999999998 em;"><span class="pstrut" μ€νμΌ e="λμ΄:3em;">2< /span><span class="pstrut" μ€νμΌ="λμ΄: 3em;"><span class="mord mathnormal mtight" μ€νμΌ= "margin-right:0.03588em;">Ο<span class="pstrut" μ€νμΌ= "λμ΄:2.5em;">v2</ span><span class="vlist" μ€νμΌ ="λμ΄:0.286em;"> μ€ν¬><span class="vlist" μ€νμΌ="λμ΄:0.345em;">< μ€ν¬> )< span class="mord">ΞT< /span><span class="vlist" μ€νμΌ ="λμ΄ :0.9666650000000001em;"></ μ€ν¬>λ°d< span class="msupsub"><μ€ν¬ μ€νμΌ ="μλ¨:-2.5500000000000003em;margin-left:0em;margin-right:0.05em;">2<β< / μ€ν¬></s ν¬>= d1β</ span>β<span class="mord mathnormal" μ€νμΌ="μ¬λ°±-μ€λ₯Έμͺ½: 0.03588em;">Ο<span class="vlist" μ€νμΌ= "λμ΄:0.151392em;"><span class="pstrut" μ€νμΌ="λμ΄:2.7em ;">v < λ²μ class="pstrut" style="height:3em;">Ξ <μ€ν¬ ν΄λμ€ ="pstrut" tyle="height:3em;">
c-2.7,0,-7.17,-2.7,-13.5,-8c-5.8,-5.3,-9.5,-10,-9.5,-14
c0,-2,0.3,-3.3,1,-4c1.3,-2.7,23.83,-20.7,67.5,-54
c44.2,-33.3,65.8,-50.3,66.5,-51c1.3,-1.3,3,-2.5,-2c4.7,0,8.7,3.3,12,10
s173,378,173,378c0.7,0,35.3,-71,104,-213c68.7,-142,137.5,-285,206.5,-429
c69,-144,104.5,-217.7,106.5,-221
l0-0
c5.3,-9.3,12,-14,20,-14
H400000v40H845.2724
s-225.272.467,-225.272.467s-235.486,-235.486c-2.7,4.7,-9.7,-19.7
c-6.0,-10,-1,-12,-3s-194,-422,-194,-422s-65.47,-65.47z
M834 80h400000v40h-400000z'/>β<span class="vlist" μ€νμΌ="λμ΄:0.06445999999999996em;"> E = νμ¬ μλ³Έμ μ΄λ‘ μ κ°μΉ< span class="mord">V<span class="pstrut" μ€νμΌ="λμ΄:2.7em;">< span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight">β =κΈ°κ° tμ νμ¬ μμ° κ°μΉ K = νμ¬ λΆμ± κ°μΉ</ μ€ν¬>t = νμ¬ κΈ°κ°T = λ―Έλ κΈ°κ° r = 무μν μ΄μμ¨</ μ€ν¬>N = λμ νμ€ μ κ· λΆν¬<μ€ν¬ ν΄λμ€ ="mord text">e = μ§μ μ©μ΄<span class="mopen delimcenter" μ€νμΌ ="top:0em;">(i. . 2.71<span class="mord " ">83..<span ν΄λμ€ = "mord">.)Ο=μ£Όμ μμ΅λ₯ μ νμ€ νΈμ°¨ <span class=" vlist " μ€νμΌ="λμ΄:11.321778em;">
νμ¬ μ£Όμμ΄ $210.59μ νλ¦¬κ³ μ£Όκ° λ³λμ±μ΄ 14.04%, μ΄μμ¨μ΄ 0.2175%, νμ¬ κ°κ²©μ΄ $205μ΄κ³ λ§λ£ μκ°μ΄ 4μΌμ΄λΌκ³ κ°μ ν©λλ€. μ£Όμ΄μ§ κ°μΌλ‘ λͺ¨λΈμ μν΄ μμ±λ μ΄λ‘ μ μ½μ΅μ κ°μ -8.13μ λλ€.
Merton λͺ¨λΈμ 무μμ λ§ν©λκΉ?
λμΆ λ΄λΉμ μ μ£Όμ λΆμκ°λ Merton λͺ¨λΈμ νμ©νμ¬ κΈ°μ μ μ μ© λΆμ΄ν μνμ λΆμν©λλ€. μ΄ λͺ¨λΈμ μ¬μ©νλ©΄ νμ¬λ₯Ό λ³΄λ€ μ½κ² νκ°ν μ μμΌλ©° λΆμκ°κ° λ§κΈ° λ μ§ μ λΆμ± μ΄μ‘ μ λΆμνμ¬ νμ¬κ° μ§κΈ λ₯λ ₯μ μ μ§ν μ μλμ§ νλ¨νλ λ° λμμ΄ λ©λλ€ .
κΈ°κ° λμ μ§κΈλλ λ°°λΉκΈμ κ³ λ €νμ§ μκ³ μ λ½μ ν λ° μ½ μ΅μ μ μ΄λ‘ μ κ°κ²©μ κ³μ°ν©λλ€. κ·Έλ¬λ μ΄ λͺ¨λΈ μ κΈ°μ΄ μ£Όμμ λ°°λΉλ½μΌ κ°μΉλ₯Ό κ³μ° νμ¬ μ΄λ¬ν λ°°λΉκΈμ κ³ λ €νλλ‘ μ‘°μ ν μ μμ΅λλ€ .
Merton λͺ¨λΈμ λ€μκ³Ό κ°μ κΈ°λ³Έ κ°μ μ ν©λλ€.
λͺ¨λ μ΅μ μ μ λ½μμ΄λ©° λ§κΈ°μμλ§ νμ¬λ©λλ€.
λ°°λΉκΈμ΄ μ§κΈλμ§ μμ΅λλ€.
μμ₯ μμ§μμ μμΈ‘ν μ μμ΅λλ€(ν¨μ¨μ μΈ μμ₯).
컀미μ μ ν¬ν¨λμ΄ μμ§ μμ΅λλ€.
κΈ°μ΄ μ£Όμμ λ³λμ±κ³Ό 무μν κΈλ¦¬λ μΌμ ν©λλ€.
κΈ°μ΄ μ£Όμμ λν μμ΅λ₯ μ μ κΈ°μ μΌλ‘ λΆλ°°λ©λλ€.
곡μμμ κ³ λ €λ λ³μλ μ΅μ νμ¬κ°κ²©, νμ¬ κΈ°μ΄κ°κ²©, 무μνμ΄μμ¨, λ§κΈ°κΉμ§μ μκ°μ ν¬ν¨ν©λλ€.
λΈλμμ¦ λͺ¨λΈ λ λ¨ΈνΌ λͺ¨λΈ
Robert C. Merton μ μ λͺ ν λ―Έκ΅ κ²½μ νμμ΄μ λ Έλ²¨μ μμμλ‘ 10μΈμ 첫 μ£Όμμ μ μ νκ² κ΅¬μ νμ΅λλ€. λμ€μ κ·Έλ Columbia Universityμμ μ΄ν νμ¬, California Institute of Technology(Cal Tech)μμ μ΄ν μμ¬ νμλ₯Ό λ°μμ΅λλ€. , MIT(Massachusetts Institute of Technology)μμ κ²½μ ν λ°μ¬ νμλ₯Ό μ·¨λν ν 1988λ κΉμ§ κ΅μλ‘ μ¬μ§νμ΅λλ€. MITμμ κ·Έλ κΈμ΅ μΈκ³μμ νμ©λ νκΈ°μ μΈ μμ΄λμ΄λ₯Ό κ°λ°νκ³ λ°ννμ΅λλ€.
Mertonμ΄ MITμμ 근무νλ λμ Blackκ³Ό Scholesλ μ΅μ μ ν€μ§ν¨μΌλ‘μ¨ μ²΄κ³μ μΈ μνμ΄ μ κ±°λλ€λ μ€μν ν΅μ°°λ ₯μ κ°λ°νμ΅λλ€. κ·Έλ° λ€μ Mertonμ μ΅μ μ ν€μ§νλ©΄ λͺ¨λ μνμ μ κ±°ν μ μμμ 보μ¬μ£Όλ νμ μνμ κ°λ°νμ΅λλ€. Blackκ³Ό Scholesλ 1973λ λ Όλ¬Έ "μ΅μ λ° κΈ°μ λΆμ±μ κ°κ²© μ± μ "μμ 곡μμ νμλ¬Όμ μ€λͺ νλ Mertonμ λ³΄κ³ μλ₯Ό ν¬ν¨νμ΅λλ€. Mertonμ λμ€μ 곡μμ μ΄λ¦μ Black-Scholes λͺ¨λΈλ‘ λ³κ²½νμ΅λλ€.
##νμ΄λΌμ΄νΈ
Merton λͺ¨λΈμ κΈ°λ³Έ μνκ³Ό νμ¬ μμ° κ°μ ꡬ쑰μ κ΄κ³λ₯Ό μ 곡ν©λλ€.
μ΄ λ°©λ²μ μ¬μ©νλ©΄ Black-Scholes-Merton μ΅μ κ°κ²© μ± μ λͺ¨λΈμ μ¬μ©ν μ μμ΅λλ€.
1974λ Robert Mertonμ μμ°μ λν μ½μ΅μ μΌλ‘ νμ¬μ μκΈ°μλ³Έμ λͺ¨λΈλ§νμ¬ νμ¬μ μ μ© μνμ νκ°νλ λͺ¨λΈμ μ μνμ΅λλ€.