不動産投資信託(REIT)
REITãšã¯äœã§ããããŸãã©ã®ããã«æ©èœããŸããïŒ
äžåç£æè³ä¿¡èšïŒç¥ããŠREITïŒã¯ãäžåç£ããã³/ãŸãã¯äžåç£èè³ã«æè³ããå©çã®å°ãªããšã90ïŒ ãé åœãšããŠæ ªäž»ã«åé ããäŒç€Ÿã§ããå€ãã¯äž»èŠãªååŒæã§å ¬ã«ååŒãããŠãããåŸæ¥ã®æ ªåŒãšåãããã«ãã°ããç°¡åã«å£²è²·ã§ããŸãã
äžéšã®REITã¯ãææããäžåç£ïŒäœå® ããªãã£ã¹ãã»ã«ã¿ã¯ãŒãå°å£²ã¹ããŒã¹ãå庫ãªã©ïŒã貞ãåºãããšã§åçãäžããŠããŸãããä»ã®REITã¯ãå©æ¯ã®æ¯æããšåŒãæãã«äžåç£è³Œå ¥è ã«äœå® ããŒã³ãæäŸããããšã§åçãäžããŠããŸããç¹å®ã®REITã¯ãäž¡æ¹ã®ã¿ã€ãã®åå ¥æºãå©çšããŸãã
é«ãäžè²«ããé åœã®ããã«ãREITã¯ãäžåç£ã®ææã«äŒŽãååçãªåå ¥ãæãã§ããããèªåã®è³ç£ãè³Œå ¥ãç¶æãããã³è²žãåºãæéããéããªãæè³å®¶ã«äººæ°ã®ããæè³æ段ã§ãããŸãã家è³ãäžåç£ã®äŸ¡æ Œãæ¶è²»è²¡ãšäžŠãã§äžæããåŸåããããããéåžžãããé«ãã€ã³ãã¬ã®ææã«ã人æ°ããããåŸæ¥ã®æ ªåŒãäœè¿·ããŠãããšãã«REITã®æ ªäž»ã«ãšã£ãŠããå€ãã®ãéãããããããšããããŸãã
äŒæ¥ãšããŠREITãšããŠã®è³æ ŒãåŸãäž»ãªå©ç¹ã®1ã€ã¯ãé åœãšããŠæ ªäž»ã«æ¯æããããã¹ãŠã®åå ¥ã«å¯Ÿããæ³äººçšã®å é€ã§ãããã®ãããäŒæ¥ã®èª²çšãå®å šã«åé¿ããããã«ãå€ãã®äººã課çšæåŸã®100ïŒ ãé åœãšããŠäœ¿çšããŠããŸãã
REITã®å©çã®ã»ãšãã©ïŒãã¹ãŠã§ã¯ãªãã«ããŠãïŒã¯é åœãšããŠåé ããããããéåžžãæé·ã«æè³ããããã®çŸéã¯ã»ãšãã©æ®ã£ãŠããªããããæ ªäŸ¡ã¯åçã«äžæããå¯èœæ§ãäœããªãåŸåããããŸãïŒã€ãŸããéåžžãåŸæ¥ã®æ ªåŒã»ã©äžå®å®ã§ã¯ãããŸããïŒ ïŒããã®ãããREITã¯ãæé·æè³å®¶ïŒå æ¬æè³ã®äŸ¡å€ãæéã®çµéãšãšãã«å€§å¹ ã«å¢å ããããšãæåŸ ããŠããæè³å®¶ïŒããããåºå®åå ¥æè³å®¶ïŒå®æçãªé åœéã®æ¯æããæ±ããŠããæè³å®¶ïŒã«ã¯ããã«äººæ°ããããŸãã
##äŒç€ŸãREITã«ããçç±
ãã¹ãŠã®äžåç£ããŒã¹ã®äŒæ¥ãREITã§ããããã§ã¯ãããŸããã REITãšããŠã®è³æ ŒãåŸãã«ã¯ãäŒæ¥ã¯äžåç£ãäœå® ããŒã³ãåçãçã¿åºãæè³ãšããŠäœ¿çšããå¿ èŠããããŸããããšãã°ãäœå® éçºã建èšããŠè²©å£²ããäŒç€Ÿã¯ãREITãšã¯èŠãªãããŸããã
REITãšããŠã®è³æ ŒãåŸãã«ã¯ãäŒæ¥ã¯èª²çšæåŸã®å°ãªããšã90ïŒ ãé åœãšããŠæ¯æãå¿ èŠããããŸãã REITãããªããã°ãªããŸããã ã ã
-ãåç· åœ¹äŒãŸãã¯è©è°å¡äŒã«ãã£ãŠç®¡çããã
-ç·åå ¥ã®å°ãªããšã75ïŒ ãäžåç£é¢é£ã®è³éæºããåŸãŸããããã«ã¯ãäžåç£ããã®å®¶è³ãäžåç£ã«è³éãæäŸããäœå® ããŒã³ã®å©æ¯ãå«ãŸããŸãã
-ç·è³ç£ã®å°ãªããšã75ïŒ ãäžåç£è³ç£ãšçŸéã«æè³ãã
-REITãšããŠã®æåã®å¹Žä»¥éãæäœ100人ã®æ ªäž»ãããŸããã
- ãã£ãšã
äŒæ¥ãè³æ ŒãåŸãã®ã«æºããå¿ èŠã®ããèŠä»¶ã®å®å šãªãªã¹ãã«ã€ããŠã¯ã REITã«é¢ããSECã®æè³å®¶åãæ å ±ã確èªããŠãã ããã
##3çš®é¡ã®REIT
REITã«ã¯ããšã¯ã€ãã£ãã¢ãŒã²ãŒãžããã€ããªããã®3ã€ã®äž»èŠãªã¿ã€ãããããŸãã 3ã€ãã¹ãŠã®ç®æšå°éããã»ã¹ã¯ãé åœãéããŠæè³å®¶ã«å©çããããããŸãããåçã®æºæ³ã¯ç°ãªããŸãã
###ãšã¯ã€ãã£
ãšã¯ã€ãã£REITã¯ããåçãçã¿åºãäžåç£ããšåŒã°ãããã®ãéå¶ããããšã§åçãçã¿åºããŸããåºæ¬çã«ãããã¯äžåç£ãè³Œå ¥ããŠææãã家è³ã®æ¯æããšåŒãæãã«å人ãŸãã¯äŒæ¥ã«è³è²žããããšãæå³ããŸãã
ã»ãšãã©ã®ãšã¯ã€ãã£REITã¯ãç¹å®ã®ã¿ã€ãã®ããããã£ïŒéåäœå® ãä¿ç®¡æœèšãªã©ïŒãå°éãšããŠããŸãããããŸããŸãªã¿ã€ãã®ããããã£ãéçšããã³ãªãŒã¹ããŠãããã®ããããŸãããšã¯ã€ãã£REITã城åãã家è³ãŸãã¯è³è²žæã¯ãæåã«è²»çšãè³ãããã«äœ¿çšããããã®åŸãæ®ãã®å°ãªããšã90ïŒ ãé åœãšããŠæ ªäž»ã«åé ãããŸãã
###äœå® ããŒã³
ã¢ãŒã²ãŒãžREITã¯ãäžåç£ãææããã³ãªãŒã¹ããŠããªããšããç¹ã§ãšã¯ã€ãã£REITãšã¯ç°ãªããŸãã代ããã«ã圌ãã¯å°æ¥ã®äžåç£ææè ã«äœå® ããŒã³ããã®ä»ã®äžåç£ããŒã³ãæäŸããå©æ¯ã®æ¯æããååããŸãããããã¯ãäœå® ããŒã³REITã¯äœå® ããŒã³ãçŽæ¥æäŸããªããããããŸãããã代ããã«äœå® ããŒã³æ ä¿èšŒåžãè³Œå ¥ããããšã«ãã£ãŠéæ¥çã«äžåç£èè³ã«æè³ãããããããŸããã
ãããã®REITã¯ããšã¯ã€ãã£REITãããå€ãã®ã¬ãã¬ããžïŒåå ¥è³æ¬ïŒãšããªããã£ããããžã䜿çšããŠæè³ã«è³éãæäŸããåŸåããããŸãããã®ããããšã¯ã€ãã£REITããããªã¹ã¯ã®é«ãæè³ã«ãªãå¯èœæ§ããããŸããæè³å®¶ã¯ãæè³ã決å®ããåã«ãäœå® ããŒã³REITã®è³é調éã¢ãã«ãå®å šã«ç解ããŠããããšã確èªããå¿ èŠããããŸãã
ïŒïŒïŒ ãã€ããªãã
ãã€ããªããREITã¯ãäžèšã®äž¡æ¹ã®æŠç¥ã䜿çšããããããã®ããã«åŒã°ããŸãã圌ãã¯ç©ççãªäžåç£ãè³Œå ¥ãç¶æããªãŒã¹ããäžåç£è³Œå ¥è ã«äœå® ããŒã³ããã®ä»ã®äžåç£ããŒã³ãæäŸããŸãã
REITã«æè³ããã¡ãªããã¯äœã§ããïŒ
-é åœïŒ REITãæäŸããå®æçãªé åœæ¯æãã«ãããè¿œå ã®åå ¥æºãæ±ããæè³å®¶ã®éã§äººæ°ããããŸããå®çŸ©äžãå©çã®å°ãªããšã90ïŒ ãé åœãšããŠåé ããå¿ èŠããããããREITã¯ãåŸæ¥ã®æ ªåŒãšæ¯èŒããå Žåãæ¯èŒçé«ãé åœå©åããæã€åŸåããããŸãã
-å€æ§åïŒ REITã¯ãäžåç£åžå Žãžã®é²åºã容æã«ãããšããç¹ã§ããŠããŒã¯ãªæè³ã¯ã©ã¹ã§ãããã®ãããæ ªåŒãåµåžãååããã®ä»ã®è³ç£ã¯ã©ã¹ã«å ããŠããããã«æè³ããããšã¯ãå€åãšã€ã³ãã¬ã®æéã«åããŠããŒããã©ãªãªã匷åããããã«ããŒããã©ãªãªãå€æ§åããããã®åªããæ¹æ³ã§ãã
-**æµåæ§ïŒ**äŒçµ±çã«ãäžåç£ã¯ããŸãæµåæ§ã®ãªãè³ç£ã¯ã©ã¹ã§ã¯ãããŸãããç©ä»¶ã®å£²è²·ã«ã¯æéãããããæœåšçãªè³Œå ¥è ã®ããŒã«ã¯éåžžãå Žæãšäºç®ã«ãã£ãŠå¶éãããŸãããã ããååŒå¯èœãªREITã¯ãäž»èŠãªåœå ååŒæã§éåžžã«è¿ éã«æ ªåŒã§å£²è²·ã§ãããããããŒããã©ãªãªã®æµåæ§ãéèŠããæè³å®¶ã«ãšã£ãŠäŸ¿å©ã§ãã
-**ã€ã³ãã¬ä¿è·ïŒ**é«ã€ã³ãã¬ã®æéäžãäžåç£ïŒããã³å®¶è³ïŒã¯æ¶è²»è²¡ãšäžŠãã§äŸ¡æ ŒãäžæããåŸåããããããã€ã³ãã¬ã®æããå€ãå ŽåãREITã¯åŸæ¥ã®æ ªåŒèšŒåžãããå®å®ããŠããããšããããããŸãã圌ãã®äžè²«ããååçåå ¥ã®æ¯æãã¯ãä»ã®äŒç€Ÿãé åœã®æ¯æããæžãããŠãããããããªãæã«ããã©ã¹ã§ãã
REITãžã®æè³ã®æ¬ ç¹ã¯äœã§ããïŒ
-**財ç£è²»çšïŒ**財ç£è²»çšãç¹ã«è²¡ç£çšã¯å®ãã¯ãªããREITããããã®è²»çšãè³ãããã«æ¯æããªããã°ãªããªãéé¡ãå€ããã°å€ãã»ã©ãé åœãšããŠæ ªäž»ã«åé ããããã«æ®ãããå©çã¯å°ãªããªããŸãããã®ãããæè³ããåã«äžåç£äŒç€Ÿã®æçèšç®æžã確èªããããšããå§ãããŸãã
-éå©ãªã¹ã¯ïŒ REITã¯ååçãªæåŸã®æ¯æãã§é«ãè©äŸ¡ããããããéå©ãäžæããåµåžæè³å®¶ã«ãšã£ãŠåœåº«èšŒåžãããé åçã«ãªããšãREITåžå Žããè³éã移åããæ ªäŸ¡ãäžèœããå¯èœæ§ããããŸãã
-匱ãæé·ïŒ REITã¯åå ¥ã®å°ãªããšã90ïŒ ãé åœéã®æ¯æãã«è²»ãããŠãããããéåžžã¯ããŸãæ¥éã«æé·ããŸãããããã¯ãæ ªäŸ¡ãããŸãæ¥éã«æé·ããªãããšãæå³ããŸãããã®ãããæé·æè³å®¶ã«ã¯ããŸã人æ°ããããŸããã
-**é åœçšïŒ**éåžžã¯æå©ãªãã£ãã¿ã«ã²ã€ã³ã¬ãŒãã§èª²çšãããé©æ Œé åœãšã¯ç°ãªããREITé åœã¯éåžžãéåžžã®åå ¥ãšèŠãªãããåæè³å®¶ã®çšçã«å¿ããŠèª²çšãããŸããããã¯ãæè³å®¶ã¯éåžžãåŸæ¥ã®æ ªåŒããã®é åœåå ¥ãããREITã®é åœåå ¥ã«å¯ŸããŠããå€ãã®çšéãæ¯æããªããã°ãªããªãããšãæå³ããŸãã
##REITã«æè³ããæ¹æ³
æè³å®¶ã¯ããããŒã«ãŒãŸãã¯E-TradeãRobinhoodãªã©ã®ä»²ä»ã¢ããªãä»ããŠäž»èŠãªååŒæã§æ ªåŒãè³Œå ¥ããã®ãšåãããã«ãååŒãããREITã®æ ªåŒãè³Œå ¥ã§ããŸããããŸããŸãªREITãããŸããŸãªè³ç£ã¿ã€ãïŒåæ¥ãäœå® ãä¿ç®¡ããªãã£ã¹ãªã©ïŒã«çŠç¹ãåœãŠãŠãããããæè³å®¶ã¯è€æ°ã®äŒæ¥ãéžæããŠæè³ããããREIT亀æååŒåºéïŒETFïŒãèŠã€ããŠãããŸããŸãªREITã«å³åº§ã«è§Šããããšãã§ããŸããé«é¡ã®ææ°æãæœåšçãªå©çã«é£ã蟌ãå¯èœæ§ããããããETFãæ€èšããéã¯ãå¿ ãè²»çšæ¯çã確èªããŠãã ããã
###ãã§ãã¯ã¢ãŠããã5ã€ã®äººæ°ã®ããREITETF
TTT h5>
è²»çšæ¯çã¯2022幎4æçŸåšã®ãã®ã§ãã
REITã®è¯ãé åœå©åããšã¯äœã§ããïŒ
é åœå©åãã¯æ ªäŸ¡ã«ãã£ãŠå€åãããããå®å®ããé åœãç¶ç¶ããŠããŠããREITã®å©åãã¯å€§ããå€åããå¯èœæ§ããããŸããèŠããŠãããŠãã ãããé åœå©åãã¯ãäŒæ¥ãçŸåšã®æ ªäŸ¡ã«æ¯æãé åœã®æ¯çã§ãããããæ ªäŸ¡ã®äžèœã¯é åœå©åããèšããŸããŸãã
ããã¯èšã£ãŠããREITã®å©åãã¯å¹³åããŠçŽ3ã5ïŒ ã«ãªãåŸåããããŸãããå©åãã®é«äœãäžè¬çã§ãã
##ååŒãããREITãšååŒãããŠããªãREITïŒéãã¯äœã§ããïŒ
ååŒãããREITã¯ãéåžžã®æ ªåŒãšåãããã«åœå ååŒæã§ååŒãããŸãããããã£ãŠããããã¯æµåçã§éææ§ããããéåžžã®æè³å®¶ã«ãšã£ãŠã¯è¯ãéžæè¢ã§ããäžæ¹ãååŒãããŠããªãREITã¯æéãè«æ±ããæµåæ§ãäœããããã«å©çšã§ããæ ªäŸ¡ããããŸããããŸããããªãé«ãåææè³ãå¿ èŠã«ãªãå ŽåããããŸããã»ãšãã©ã®å人æè³å®¶ã«ãšã£ãŠãååŒãããŠããªãREITã¯è¯ãæè³ãªãã·ã§ã³ã§ã¯ãããŸããã
REITã¯åªããã€ã³ãã¬ãŒã·ã§ã³ãããžã§ããïŒ
æè³ïŒããããIåµãé€ãïŒã¯ã€ã³ãã¬ããå®å šã«å®å šã§ã¯ãããŸããããREITã¯éåžžãã€ã³ãã¬æéäžã«å®¶è³ãšäžåç£äŸ¡æ ŒãäžæããåŸåãããïŒå©çãšæ ªäŸ¡ã®äž¡æ¹ãæŒãäžããå¯èœæ§ããããŸãïŒãäžè²«ããé åœãæäŸããããããåªããã€ã³ãã¬ãããžãšèŠãªãããŸãä¿¡é Œã§ããåå ¥æºã
##ãã€ã©ã€ã
-ã»ãšãã©ã®REITã¯æ ªåŒã®ããã«å ¬ã«ååŒãããŠãããããæµåæ§ãé«ããªããŸãïŒç©ççãªäžåç£æè³ãšã¯ç°ãªããŸãïŒã
-REITã¯æè³å®¶ã«å®å®ããåå ¥æºãçã¿åºããŸãããè³æ¬ã®å¢äŸ¡ãã»ãšãã©æäŸããŸããã
-äžåç£æè³ä¿¡èšïŒREITïŒã¯ãåå ¥ãçã¿åºãäžåç£ãææãéå¶ããŸãã¯èè³ããäŒç€Ÿã§ãã
-REITã¯ãã¢ããŒããã»ã«ã¿ã¯ãŒãããŒã¿ã»ã³ã¿ãŒãããã«ãå»çæœèšããªãã£ã¹ãå°å£²ã»ã³ã¿ãŒãå庫ãªã©ãã»ãšãã©ã®çš®é¡ã®äžåç£ã«æè³ããŠããŸãã
ïŒïŒ ãããã質å
REITã¯äœã®ç¥ã§ããïŒ
REITã¯ãRealEstateInvestmentTrustãã®ç¥ã§ãã REITã¯ãäžåç£ã®è³Œå ¥ãŸãã¯äœå® ããŒã³ã®è³Œå ¥ãéããŠäžåç£ã«çŽæ¥æè³ããããŒãããŒã·ãããäŒæ¥ãä¿¡èšããŸãã¯åäŒãšããŠçµç¹ãããŠããŸãã REITã¯ã蚌åžååŒæãšååŒããæ ªåŒãçºè¡ããéåžžã®æ ªåŒãšåæ§ã«å£²è²·ãããŸãã REITãšèŠãªãããããã«ã¯ãäŒç€Ÿã¯è³ç£ã®å°ãªããšã75ïŒ ãäžåç£ã«æè³ããåçã®å°ãªããšã75ïŒ ãäžåç£é¢é£ã®æŽ»åããåŸãå¿ èŠããããŸãã
REITã¯é åœéãæ¯æãå¿ èŠããããŸããïŒ
æ³åŸããã³IRSèŠå¶ã«ãããREITã¯èª²çšå¯Ÿè±¡å©çã®90ïŒ ä»¥äžãïŒé åœã®åœ¢ã§æ ªäž»ã«æ¯æãå¿ èŠããããŸãããã®çµæãREITäŒæ¥ã¯ã»ãšãã©ã®äŒæ¥æåŸçšãå é€ãããããšããããããŸããé åœãåãåãREITã®æ ªäž»ã¯èª²çšãããŸãããŸãã§æ®éã®é åœã§ãããã®ããã«ã
###ããŒããŒã¯ãªããREITãšã¯äœã§ããïŒ
ãããŒããŒã¯ãªããREITãã¯ãREITã«äžããããçšå¶äžã®å©ç¹ãé«ãããšåæã«ããã®ãããªä¿¡èšãéåžžã¯å®è¡ã§ããªãè³ç£ãéçšã§ããããã«ããŸããããã¯ãäžæ¹ã®ãšã³ãã£ãã£ãããããã£ãææããããäžæ¹ã®ãšã³ãã£ãã£ãããããã£ã管çãããšããåæã«ãã£ãŠãã¯ãªãããããã2ã€ã®ç°ãªããšã³ãã£ãã£ãé¢ä¿ããããããã®ååãä»ããããŠããŸããããŒããŒã¯ãªããREITã¯ãå©å®³ã®è¡çªãçºçããå¯èœæ§ããããããããå³æ ŒãªèŠå¶ç£ç£ãå¿ èŠãšãããã®çµæããã®åœ¢åŒã®REITã¯äžè¬çã§ã¯ãããŸããã ãã¹ããŒãã«ãããREITããšäŒŒãŠããŸãããæ§é ãããæè»ã§ãã